Steam-engine.



WITNESSES.

PATENTED APR. 11, 1905.

J. A. TOOLEY.

STEAM ENGINE.

APPLICATION FILED JUNE 9.1904.

3 SHEETS-SHEET Z.

NVE/VTOR ATTORNEYS Jzmes $55 Za'oZey No. 787,134. PATENTED APR.11, 1905. J. A. TOOLEY.

STEAM ENGINE.

APPLICATION FILED JUNE 9,1904.

3 SHEETSSHEET 3.

I INVENTOR WITNESSES:

ATTORNEYS 3 casing being indicated in dotted lines.

45 desired, more than two may be used.

UNTTE STATES iatentecl April ii, 1905.

JAMES AUSTIN TOOLEY, OF SlAMl ORl), NE\\' YORK;

STEAiVt-ENGINE;

SPECIFICATION forming part of Letters Patent 1w 0. 787,134, dated April 11, 1905.

Application filed June 9, 1904. Serial No. 211,804.

To (1.// lc/mnt if IIHIVI/ concern/.-

Be it known that l, Janus AUs'rix TOOLEY, a citizen of the United States, and a resident of Stamford, in the county of Delaware and State of New York, have invented a new and lmproved Steam-llngine, of which the following is a full. clear, and exact description.

The object of the invention is to provide a new and improved steam-engine of the coin- TO pound type arranged to utilize the steam in the highnessu re cylinder approximately under lmiler-pressure to insure a quick passage of the exhaust-steam from the high-pressure cylinder to the low-pressure cylinder and to 5 utilize the steam in both cylinders to the fullest advantage.

The invention consists of novel features and parts and combinations of the same, as will be more fully described hereinafter and then pointed out in the claims.

A practical embodiment of the invention is represented in the accompanying drawings, forming a part of this specification, in which similar characters of reference indicate corre- 5 spoi'iding parts in all the views.

Figure l is a side elevation of the improvement, parts being in section. Fig. 2 is a transverse section of the same on the line 2 2 of Fig. 1. Fig. 3 is a plan view of the same, the Fig. & is a sectional plan view of the high-pressure cylinder and the steam-inlet; and Fig. 5 is a sectional side elevation of the cam-lever for operating the valves in the low-pressure cylinder, the section being on the line 5 5 of Fig. 2.

As illustrated in Fig. 1, two compound steanrengines are arranged tandem on the engine-frame A, and the said engines are con- 4 nected with the main shaft B, journaled in suitable bearings carried on the engineframe. lt is, however, understood that I do notlimit myself to the arrangement described, as a single compound engine only may be used, or, if As the two compound engines shown are alike in construction it sntiices to describe but one in detail. The high-pressure cylinder C of the engine is in axial alinement with the low-pressure 5 cylinder l). and in the said cylinders C and L) reciprocate pistons E and E, respectivelyconnected with each other externally byside rods E and a cross-bar E, of which the latter is rigidly connected at its middle with the piston-rod E of the high-pressure-eylinder piston E, and the side rods E are rigidly connected with the piston E of the low-pressure cylinder 1). The piston E has no rod, it will be observed, and is directly connected by a pitinan F with a crank-arm B on the main shaft 15, so that when the engine is running 'the two connected pistons E and E travel in unison. The low-pressure cylinder 1) is lixed on the engine-frame A, while the high-pressure cylinder 0 is mounted to slide in the direction of its length in a bearing (1, lixed on the engine-frame A. The high-pressure cylinder C is open at both ends, and through the upper open end extends the piston-rod E', while the lower portion or working end of the said cylinder extends through a chamber 11, into which opens a steam-supply pipe I, connected with a boiler or other suitable source of steamsupply and provided with a suitableadmissionvalve I under the control of the engineer for turning on or shutting oti the steam whenever it is desired to start or stop the engine, it being noted that the walls of said chamber ll are practically integral extensions of the said bearing G. The lower end of the cylinder (J is provided exteriorly with an annular integral valve C, adapted to be seated on a seat ll, formed in the chamber ll between the steam-inlet pipe I and the extreme lower end of the chamber, so that when the cylinder U is in a lowermost position, as illustrated in Fig. 2, then live steam from the pipe 1 can pass by way of the chamber II and the open valve-seat H into the lower end of the cylinder 0 to act on the piston E therein to push the same in an upward direction. \Vhen the piston E reaches the end of its upward stroke, then the high-pressure cylinder (.7 is shifted bodily, as hereinafter more fully described. to move the valve C onto the seat II to shut off the live steam from the working end of the high-pressure cylinder U. Communication is established between the working end of the high-pressure cylinder 0 and the upper or working end of the low-pressure cylinder D, so that the exhaust-steam from the high-pressure cylinder C can readily pass into the working end of the low-pressure cylinder D at the time the pistons E and E begin their downward stroke, and for this purpose the upper end of the low-pressure cylinder D is provided with a head D, having a channel D leading from the upper end of the low-pressure cylinder to the lower end of the highpressure cylinder C and also to the lower end of the chamber H. In this channel D is arranged an outlet-channel D said channels being controlled, respectively, by an inlet-valve J and an exhaust-valve K, the said outletchannel connecting with the'exhaust-pipe D leading to the outer air. The valves J and K operate in unison in such a manner that when one moves to its seat the other moves off its seat, and for this purpose the valves have their stems J and K pivotally connected by links J and K with a lever L, fulcrumed at L on the bearing G, as plainly indicated in Fig. 3. Springs J 3 and K are interposed between the lever L and the links J K so as to yieldingly hold the valves J and K to their seats in the channels I) and D The lever L is pivotally connected with the upper end of a rod L provided at its lower end with a cross-bar L fitting into the groove N of a cam-lever N, fulcrumed on a pin N secured to the lower end of the cylinder D. The cam N is provided with a friction roller N engaging a cam-groove O in a cam O, secured on an auxiliary shaft P, journaled in suitable hearings on the engine-frame A, and on the said shaft P is secured a gearwheel P, in mesh with a gear-wheel P, attached to the main shaft B, so that when the latter is rotated a rotary motion is given by the gear-wheels P and P to the shaft P to rotate the latter in unison with the main shaft B. For each revolution of the shaft P the canilever N is rocked from one side to the other, so that a swinging motion is given to the lever L, to alternately open and close the valves J and K in unison with the movements of the pistons E and E, so that when the pistons E and E are on the upstroke the valve K is opened for the exhaust-steam in the low-pressure cylinder D to pass out by way of the channel D and during this time the valve J is closed and the valve C is off its seat H. When the pistons E and E reach the end of their upward stroke the cylinder C is shifted to move the valve C onto its seat H to shut off the live steam from the cylinder 0, and then the valves J and K are reversed-thatis, the valve J is opened while the valve K is closed, so that the exhaust-steam from the high-pressure cylinder G can now pass by way of the open channel D into the working end of the lowpressure cylinder D, to force the piston E downward therein by the expansive force of the steam. When the pistons E and E reach the end of their downward strokes, then the valves'J and K are again reversed that is, the valve J is closed and the valve K is opened and at the same time the high-pressure cylinder C is shifted to move the valve C away from the seat H to allow live motive agent to pass from the chamber H, approximately under boiler pressure, into the working end of the cylinder C to push the piston E therein upward,-and as the pistons E and E are rigidly connected with each other the piston E also moves in an upward direction.

In order to shift the cylinder C in the manner above described, the following device is provided: From the upper end of the highpressure cylinder C extend lugs (1 on which is fulcrumed a lever Q, mounted to swing at its rear end at Q in a bearing A, forming part of the engine-frame A. The forward or free end of the lever Q is pivotally connected with a rod R, extending downwardly and carrying at its lower end a cross-pin R, engaging a V-shaped slot N*, formed in the camlever N previously referred to, the slot N being adjacent to the slot N, in which operates the pin L as previously described.

The rod R is preferably made in two parts R and R, of which the part B carries the pin R, and the said part B is provided with a casing 11*, in which the lower end of the part R is mounted to slide. A spring R is arranged in the casing R* and presses against a collar R held on the part R so as to yieldingly connect the parts R and R with each other to allow easy working of the rod R on the cam-lever N, swinging from side to side when the machine is running. By the arrangment described sudden jars of the cylinder 0 are prevented to permit easy seating of the valve C on the seat H. When the machine is running, the cam-lever N is caused to swing sidewise by the action of the cam 0, so as to impart an up-and-down movement to the rods L and R, to actuate the levers L and Q for alternately opening and closing the valves J and K and shifting the cylinder C in the direction of its length to move the valve 0 onto its seat H or off the said seat.

In order to permitof reversing the engine, the pins R and L are shifted simultaneously from one side of their slots N and N* to the other side thereof, and for this purpose the following device is provided: In the arrangement shown the two rods R for the two engines are connected with each other by a link R, and a link L connects the two rods L with each other. One of the connected rods R is pivotally connected by a link S (see Fig. 1) with a rack S, mounted to slide in suitable bearings attached to the engineframe A. The rack S is in mesh with a pinion 8, secured on a shaft S extending transversely and journaled in suitable bearings carried on the engine-frame A. On the shaft S is secured a hand-wheel 8*, provided with a handle S and with a pin S, located diametrically opposite the handle S, as plainly indicated in Fig. l. The pin S is adapted to engage a notch T, formed in a disk T, secured on a shaft T journaled in suitable bearings on the engine-frame A, and on the peripheral face of the said disk T is formed a notch T, adapted to be engaged by a springdog T for normally lockin the diskT against rotation. On the shaft T- is secured an arm l, connected by a link U with a lever U", fulcrumed on the engine-frame, and connected by a link U" with one of the connected rods L", employed for working the valves J and K, as before explained. The link U is pro vided with a pivoted arm U, drawn on by a spring l", attached to a link U, fulcrumed on the engine-frame, so as to normally hold the link U in an uppermost position. hen the engine is running forward, the pins L and R are in the right-hand sides of their slots N and N, and when it is desired to reverse the engine the operator turns the handwheel S in the direction of the arrow a by taking hold of the handle S" to move the pin S in engagement with the notch T to turn the disk T in the direction of the arrow 1/. ()n turning the hand-wheel S the shaft S and with it the pinion S" are rotated to im part an outward sliding motion to the rack S, which by the links S and R imparts. a simultaneous sidewisc swinging motion from the right to the left to the rods R to shift the pins H from the right-hand side of the slot N to the left-hand side thereof to cause a reversal of the movement of the cylinder in its bearing (i. At the same time the retation of the disk T in the direction of the arrow 6 causes the arm U to swing inward, so that the link U imparts a swinging motion to the lever U", which by the links U L imparts a swinging motion to the rods L of the two engines to move the pins L of the said rods from the right-hand side of the slot N to the left-halal side thereof to reverse the valves .1 and K.

In order to insure an easy running of the engine, the entire machine is inclosed in a suitable casing A, attached to the engineframe A, and the lower portion of the said casing is lilled with oil or other suitable liquid lubricant to keep the main shaft and adjacent parts properly lubricated at all times.

The operation is as follows: \Vhen the several parts are in the position illustrated in Fig. 2, then the piston E in the high-pressure cylinder C is forced upward by the pressure of the live steam passing from the supplypipe I, chamber H, and valve-seat H into the working end of the high-pressure cylinder (J, and at the same time the exhaust-steam in the upper or working end of the low-pressure cylinder 1.) passes out by way of the open valve K and channel 1) to the exhaust-pipe D. \Vhen the pistons E and E have reached the end of their upstrokes, then the position of the valves J and K is reversed by the action of the cam O, lever N, rod L", and lever L, and at the same time the high-pressure cylinder G is caused to slide upward to move its valve C on the seat H to shut off the live steamfrom the working end of the high-pressure cylinder C. The upward movement of the high-pressure cylinder (1 is accomplished by the cam O, lever N, rod h, and lover Q at the same time that the valves J and K are reversed. The exhaust-steam in the lower or working end of the high-pressure cylinder 0 now passes by way of the channel 1) into the upper or working end of the low-pressure cylinder l.) to act on the piston E therein to force the same downward by the expansive force of the steam. As the piston E is connected with the piston E, it is evident that the piston E now moves on its down or inward stroke to insure a complete exhaust of the motive agent from the l1igl1pressure c vlindcr (l. \Vhen the pistons E and .1 have reached the end of their downstrokes, then the valves J and K are again reversed, and the cylinder C is caused to slide downward, so that the valve U moves off its seat ll to again admit live steam to the lower or work ing end of the cylinder 1), and as the valve J is now closed and the valve K is open it is evident that the force of the live steam is exerted against the piston E to push the same upward, while the exhaust-steam in the lowpressure cylinder 1) passes out of the same by way of the open valve K, as previously explained.

\Vhcn using two or more engines tandem, as described, the crank-arms B on the main shaft B are set at angles one to the other, so that the live motive agent is almost always active in one of the high-pressure cylinders.

From the foregoing it will be seen that the live steam enters the high-pressure cylinder almost at boiler-pressure, and the passage of the exhaust-steam from the high-pressure cylinder to the working end of the low-pressure cylinder is of such short duration as to insure utilization to the fullest advantage of the motive agent in both the high and low pressure cylinders. By the operator turning thehandwheel S" more or less the pin R in the slot N can be shifted nearer to or farther from the middle or apex of the slot N, so that the cam-lever N imparts less or more u p-anddown movement to the rod R to slide the cylinder 0 less or more in its bearing, and hence holding the valve C seated longer or shorter on its seat H to admit less or more steam to the high-pressure cylinder. It is understood that by having the cushioning device in the two-part rod R the valve U is always moved to its seat H and is only pulled off its seat by the action of the cam-lever N on the pin it, and the duration the valve is off its seat is governed by the position of the pin lt in the slot N. The slot N for the pin Lis straight,

and hence the opening and closing of the valves J and K are regular, and as the slight turning of the hand-wheel S for shifting the pin R in either side of the slot N* does not affect the disk T it is evident that the pin L always occupies one end of its slot N and is only shifted from one side of the slot to the other when the engine is reversed. By reference to Fig. 1 it will be seen that moving the handle S downward to a lowermost position causes only shifting of the pin R in the slot N, but does not affect the position of the pin L in the slot N, as the pin S is then still inactive relative to the disk T. When the handle S is in a lowermost position, the pin R stands in the middle of the slot N* and the cylinder is practically at a standstill and in a closed position and the live steam is shut off. A further turning of the handle S in the direction of the arrow (6 reverses the engine.

Although I have shown and described the invention as a steam-engine, it is evident that other motive agents capable of doing work by their expansive force may be used.

Having thus described my invention, 1 claim as new and desire to secure by Letters Patent* 1. Acompound engine having a high-pressure cylinder movable in the direction of its length, a steam-supply for one end of the cylinder, controlled by the high-pressure cylinder, a low-pressure cylinder in axial alinement with the high-pressure cylinder, pistons movable in said cylinders, and a connection between the pistons to cause them to move in unison.

2. A compound engine having ahigh-pressure cylinder movable in the direction of its length, a steam-supply for one end of the cylinder, a valve at the end of the cylinder for controlling the steam-supply, a low-pressure cylinder, a piston therein, and valves for controlling the flow of the exhaust-steam from the high-pressure .cylinder to the said lowpressure cylinder. 3. A compound engine having ahigh-pressure cylinder movable in the direction of its length, a piston therein, a steam-supply for one end of the cylinder, controlled by the high-pressure cylinder, a low-pressure cylinder, a piston therein, valves for controlling the flow of the exhaust-steam from the highpressure cylinder to the said low-pressure cylinder, and a connection between the said pistons in the high and low pressure cylinders, for the pistons to move in unison.

i. A compound engine having a high-pressure cylinder movable in the direction of its length, a chamber surroundingone end of the cylinder and provided with a valve-seat, a steam-supply communicating with saidchamher, a valve on said cylinder for controlling the passage of the steam-supply from said chamber to the said end of the cylinder, means for imparting movement to the said highpressure cylinder to move the valve from and to its seat, and a low-pressure cylinder communicating with the high-pressure cylinder.

5. A steam-engine comprising a live-steam supply, a high pressure cylinder having lengthwise movement and provided with means for opening and closing the said steamsupply to the open working end of the cylinder, a piston reciprocating in the said highpressure cylinder, a low-pressure cylinder having its working end in communication with the said working end of the high-pressure cylinder, a piston in the low-pressure cylin der, a valve controlling the said communication, means for connecting the pistons with each other, a main shaft connected with the low-pressure piston, a valve-actuating device controlled from the said shaft, for operating the said valves in unison, and an actuating device for the said high-pressure cylinder, controlled from the said shaft.

6. Asteam-engine provided with a cylinder mounted to slide, to control the admission of steam to the cylinder, a piston in the said cylinder, a main shaft, a cam driven from the said shaft, a cam-lever actuated from the said cam and provided with a slot, and an operating connection for the said cylinder and engaging the said slot.

7 A steam-engine provided with a cylinder mounted to slide, to control the admission of steam to the cylinder, a piston in the said cylinder, a main shaft, a cam driven from the said shaft, a cam-lever actuated from the said cam and provided with a slot, and an operating connection for the said cylinder and engaging the said slot, the said connection having a cushioning member.

8. A steam-engine comprising a live-steam supply, a high pressure cylinder having lengthwise movement and provided with means for opening and closing the said steamsupply to the open working end of the cylinder, a piston reciprocating in the said highpressure cylinder, a low-pressure cylinder havingits working end in communication with the said working end of the highpressure cylinder, a piston in the low-pressure cylinder, a valve controlling the said communication, means for connecting the pistons with each other, a main shaft connected with the low. pressure piston, a valve-actuating device controlled from the said shaft, for operating the said valves in unison, an actuating device for the said high-pressure cylinder, controlled from the said shaft, and a reversing mechanism under the control of the operator, for reversing the said actuating devices for the valves and the high-pressure cylinder.

9. A steam-engine provided with a cylinder mounted to slide, to control the admission of steam to the cylinder, a piston in the said cylinder, a main shaft, a cam driven from the said shaft, a cam-lever actuated from the said cam and provided with a V-shaped slot, arod having a cross-pin engaging the said slot, a lever connecting the rod with the said highpressnre cylinder, and a manually-controlled reversing means for moving the pin end of the rod from one side of the slot to the other side of the slot.

11). An engine provided with a cam-lever having two slots, at valve-operating mechanism connected with one of the slots, and a highpressn re cyUnder-actuating mechanism connected with the other slot.

11. An engine provided with a cam-lever having two slots, a valve-operating mechanism connected with one of the slots, a highpressnre cyliruler-actuating mechanism connected with the other slot, and manually-controlled means for shifting the positions of the said mechanism in the said slots.

12. A steam-engine, comprising a steamsupply, a bearing, a chamber provided with a valve-seat, and the walls of which are integral with saidbearing, a high-pressure cylinder having lengthwise movement in the bearing, and formed with an integral annular valve cooperating with said seat for opening and closing the steam-supply to the working end of said cylinder, a piston in the latter, a lowpressure cylinder, a piston therein, connections between the said pistons to cause them to move in unison, and means for delivering the steam to said cylinders to effect the exhaust-stroke of one piston and the working stroke of the other.

In testimony whereof I, have signed my name to this specification in the presence of two subscribing witnesses.

JAMES AUSTIN TOOLEY.

\Vitnesses:

E. A. KELsEY, J. A. CLARK. 

